Appendix A
1950's - 1960's Timeline
Legislation
1963: Vocational Education Act of 1963
1964: Civil
Rights Act
1965: Elementary
and Secondary Education Act, with
special programs to assist disadvantaged &
"handicapped"
1966: Bureau
of Education for the Handicapped was formed
Philosophy
Conceptualization Research
1958: Weschler, intelligence based Emergent Research
Borderline IQ = 70-79 Moron IQ = 50-69 post-school adjustment
Imbecile IQ = 30-49 Idiot = 29 & below post-institutional
adjustment
1959: Dr. Rick Heber, Chair - Amer. Assoc. on vocational rehabilitation outcome
Mental
Retardation, Terminology & 1966: President's
Committee on Mental Retardation
Classification Comm.
ground breaking def. w/ intell.
1968: Lloyd Dunn
Ability & adapt. beh efficacy of students with
mild disabilities
Borderline IQ = 69-83 Mild MR IQ = 52-67 placing in
special classes
Moderate IQ = 36-51 Severe MR IQ = 20-35 questioned the use of "disability labels"
Profound MR IQ = 19 ò recommended labels
describing the nature of
1964: Scheerenberger,
educability expectations education services
Dull Norm IQ = 75 – 80/90 Educable IQ = 50-75 emphasized importance of
special education
Trainable IQ = 20-49 Custodial IQ = 20 ò placement
for students with more severe disabilities
1969 Bengt Nirje publishes
on normalization
Practice
Programs Incidence
Work Study Programs: focus on work attitudes 1948-1966:
up 400% MR's served in public schools
& work study skills
including; 1960's: 90%
all schools provided MR programs; all
prevocational in sheltered
workshops
but 10% segregated
job tryout or vocational
adjustment 1960's:
145,230 with mild MR received
rehabilitation
supervised vocational
placement services
(VR)
adjusted academic plan
coordinated w/ vocational 1967: over
1/3 of all special educators in
nation teach
program students
with MR
Self-contained special schools and classes: proliferate in 1969:
26,762 were gainfully employed,
increase of 651%
schools yet advocates such as Dunn (1968) questioned if
educational and civil rights
were being violated as such 1969: 96,604 secondary students with MR in
workstudy
Sensory Training 60-80% of these are from low status
backgrounds
Personality Development
1968: Special
Olympics founded by Eunice Kennedy
Shriver
1954: The ARC founded by group of concerned
parents
1961: President Kennedy calls for a national agenda
on MR
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